Study on the occurrence of microplastics in bottled drinking water
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摘要:
聚焦瓶装水中微塑料污染的来源特征（水源及包装材料）和小粒径微塑料检测方法的瓶颈问题，选择市面上常见的不同品牌及不同类型的瓶装水作为研究对象，采用热脱附-气相色谱质谱法（ATD-GCMS）对水中5种微塑料（PP、PE、PS、PVC、PET）的含量进行检测。结果显示：瓶装水中微塑料主要成分为PVC〔（2.95±2.03）μg/L〕、PET 〔（1.84±2.14）μg/L〕及PE 〔（1.86±1.84）μg/L〕；国内外不同品牌瓶装矿泉水中PVC和PET含量存在显著性差异（P<0.05），PE含量差异不显著；不同品牌纯净水之间PVC和PET含量差异不具有统计学意义，但PE含量存在显著差异（P<0.05）。瓶装水中微塑料的赋存情况受到水源水中微塑料污染情况的影响和包装材料微塑料的释放影响，通过比较分析瓶装饮用水中微塑料赋存特征可为未来制定降低饮用水微塑料摄入风险和健康风险防控相关管理措施提供数据支撑。
Abstract:Focusing on the source characteristics (including water source and packaging materials) of microplastic pollution in bottled water and the bottleneck problem restricting the detection of small-particle microplastics, different brands and different types of bottled water commonly available on the market were selected as research objects, and the concentrations of microplastics (PP, PE, PS, PVC, PET) in the water samples were detected by automatic thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ATD-GCMS). The results showed that the main components of microplastics in bottled water were PVC [(2.95±2.03)μg/L], PET [(1.84±2.14)μg/L] and PE [(1.86±1.84)μg/L]. There were significant differences in PVC (P<0.05) and PET (P<0.05) contents in the bottled mineral water, but no significant differences in PE contents. By contrast, there was no statistical significance of PVC and PET contents in different brands of purified water, but there were significant differences in PE contents (P<0.05). The occurrence of microplastics in bottled water was affected by microplastic pollution in source water and the release of microplastics in packaging materials. By comparing and analyzing the occurrence characteristics of microplastics in bottled drinking water, data support should be provided for the future development of management measures to reduce the risk of microplastic intake by drinking water and to prevent and control the health risks.
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Key words:
- microplastics /
- bottled water /
- drinking water /
- bottle material /
- bottle-cap material /
- plastic containers
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图 2 国内外品牌矿泉水的微塑料含量
注：*表示二者间差异显著（P＜0.05）。
Figure 2. Microplastics content of domestic and foreign brand mineral water
图 3 不同品牌纯净水的微塑料含量
注：同图2。
Figure 3. Microplastics content of different brand purified water
表 1 试验用瓶装水信息
Table 1. Experimental bottled water information
编号 类型 水源地 瓶身材料 瓶盖材料 产品执行标准 BW-1 矿泉水（进口） 挪威 PET PE 未标注 BW-2 矿泉水（进口） 法国 PET 未标注 未标注 BW-3 矿泉水（国产） 中国吉林长白山安宁泉 PET PE GB 8537—2018 BW-4 矿泉水（国产） 中国吉林长白山青龙泉 PET PE GB 8537—2018 BW-5 矿泉水（国产） 中国广东博罗罗浮山脉横河水源地 PET 未标注 GB 8537—2018 BW-6 纯净水 — PET 未标注 GB 19298—2014 BW-7 纯净水 — PET 未标注 GB 17323—1998 BW-8 纯净水 — PET PE GB 17323—1998 BW-9 纯净水 — PET 未标注 GB 17323—1998 
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