基于微纳米气泡臭氧曝气的饮用水厂有机物强化处理技术研究

马艳; 吴俊; 周维

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240200

基于微纳米气泡臭氧曝气的饮用水厂有机物强化处理技术研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240200

马艳^{1, 2,},
吴俊^{1, 2, ,},
周维³

1.
上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司
2.
城市水资源开发利用（南方）国家工程研究中心
3.
上海复洁环保科技股份有限公司

基金项目: 上海市2021年度“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目（21DZ1202205）；上海城投（集团）有限公司科技创新计划项目产业化引导专项（CTKY-CYHYD-2023-003）；2022年东方英才计划青年项目；面向土地利用的新型稳定污泥资源化利用技术研究（D202203）

详细信息

作者简介:
马艳（1986—），女，正高级工程师，博士，长期从事水处理理论与技术研究，mayan616@yeah.net

通讯作者:
吴俊（1988—），男，高级工程师，博士，主要从事排水系统提质增效相关研究，wujunz2929@sina.com

中图分类号: X703；X52
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-31
- 录用日期: 2024-06-10
- 修回日期: 2024-05-28

Research on the enhanced treatment of organic matter in drinking water plant based on micro-nano bubble ozone aeration

MA Yan^{1, 2
,},
WU Jun^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHOU Wei³

1.
Shanghai Urban Water Resources Development & Utilization National Engineering Center Co., Ltd.
2.
National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources
3.
Shanghai Fujie Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.

摘要

摘要:
为提升饮用水厂原水混凝及前/后臭氧处理等重要工艺段的有机物去除率，对比研究了微纳米气泡（MNBs）与普通曝气盘2种曝气方式下的臭氧传质效率，开展了MNBs对水厂原水混凝效果影响小试，并对2种曝气方式下前/后臭氧处理工艺段有机物及藻类等的去除率进行研究。结果表明：1）本研究中的微气泡发生器产生纳米气泡数量为1.2×10⁸个/mL，中值粒径显著低于100 μm，有利于MNBs臭氧（MNBs-O₃）在水中停留较长时间；在水厂原水中加入12.5%（体积比）的MNBs水时，MNBs吸附疏水性有机物及产生羟基自由基的特征可以显著提高混凝沉淀效果，使UV₂₅₄下降幅度达到15%。2）在前臭氧处理过程中，原水经MNBs-O₃处理后，出水110 kDa峰消失而小于1 Da部分出现新峰，五日生化需氧量（BOD₅）的去除率约为15%（远低于普通曝气盘的50%）且总有机碳与UV₂₅₄未发生显著变化；在后臭氧处理过程中，MNBs-O₃处理后BOD₅上升了40%，TOC上升了36%，UV₂₅₄则先上升后下降。该结果说明MNBs-O₃在前臭氧处理过程中可以将芳香族有机物分解为含氧类链状有机物，MNBs-O₃较长的停留时间使其更易将大分子有机物转换为小分子有机物，而后臭氧处理过程中MNBs-O₃可以进一步提高对水中残留的难降解有机物的去除率。3）MNBs-O₃对藻类的去除率可达25%，且MNBs-O₃处理不会增加水中溴酸盐浓度，后续可借助MNBs的气浮功能进一步提升其效率。尽管MNBs替代普通曝气盘使电能消耗上升约30%，但MNBs会大幅缩短进气时间，减少O₃使用量。本研究结果为MNBs在原水混凝及前/后臭氧处理过程中的应用建立了理论基础。
- 微纳米气泡（MNBs） /
- 臭氧 /
- 有机物 /
- 饮用水 /
- 传质效率
Abstract:
To improve the organic matter removal efficiency of important process stages such as raw water coagulation and pre/post ozone treatment in water plants, a comparative study was conducted on the ozone mass transfer efficiency under two aeration modes, i.e., micro-nano bubble (MNBs) aeration and ordinary aeration disc aeration. A small-scale experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of MNBs on the coagulation effect of raw water in water plants and study the removal efficiency of organic matter and algae in the pre and post-ozone treatment process stages under two aeration modes. The results showed that the number of nanobubbles produced by the microbubble generator in this study was 1.2×10⁶ mL⁻¹. Therefore, MNBs ozone (MNBs-O₃) had a longer residence time in water, and the utilization rate of MNBs-O₃ gradually increased within 20 minutes, while the ordinary aeration tray showed a trend of first increasing and then rapidly decreasing. When 12.5% of MNBs water was added to the raw water, the adsorption of hydrophobic organic compounds and the generation of hydroxyl radicals by MNBs could significantly improve the coagulation and precipitation effect of the raw water, and the decrease in UV₂₅₄ could reach more than 15%. The longer residence time also made it easier for MNBs-O₃ to convert large organic molecules into small molecules during the pre-ozone process. The molecular weight distribution results showed that 110 kDa peak disappeared and new peaks appeared in the parts less than 1 Da. The removal efficiency of BOD₅ was about 15% (much lower than 50% of ordinary aeration discs), and there was no significant change in TOC and UV₂₅₄. During the post-ozone process, BOD₅ of MNBs-O₃ group increased by 40%, and TOC increased by 36%, while UV₂₅₄ first increased and then decreased. The above results indicate that MNBs-O₃ can decompose aromatic organic compounds into oxygen-containing chain-like organic compounds during the pre-ozone process, and some large molecule organic compounds can be degraded into small molecules, which is helpful for the treatment of subsequent process stages. While during the post-ozone process, MNBs-O₃ can further improve the treatment efficiency of residual recalcitrant organic compounds in water. In addition, under the conditions of this study, the reduction rate of algae by MNBs-O₃ could reach 25% and MNBs-O₃ treatment did not increase the bromate concentration in water, and its efficiency could be further improved through the air flotation function of MNBs in the future. Although replacing ordinary aeration discs with MNBs increases electricity consumption by about 30%, MNBs significantly shorten the intake time and reduce O₃ usage. In summary, this study establishes a theoretical basis for the application of MNBs in raw water coagulation and pre/post-ozone treatment processes.
- micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) /
- ozone /
- organic matter /
- drinking water /
- mass transfer efficiency

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图 1 传质效率分析试验装置示意

Figure 1. Schematic of mass transfer efficiency experiment equipment

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图 2 不同气泡密度与体积密度下的微气泡粒径分布特征

Figure 2. Particle size distribution characteristics of microbubbles under different volume densities and bubble densities

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图 3 MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧曝气方式下水中溶解性臭氧浓度及利用率

Figure 3. Concentration and utilization efficiency of dissolved ozone under the treatment with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 4 不同MNBs水比例下原水混凝沉淀后浊度与UV₂₅₄变化

Figure 4. Changes in turbidity and UV₂₅₄ of raw water after coagulation and precipitation under different micro-nano bubble water ratios

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图 5 原水和砂滤池出水经MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后的BOD₅及B/C变化

Figure 5. Changes in BOD₅ concentration and B/C ratio in raw water and sand filtered effluent after treatment with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 6 原水和砂滤池出水经MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后的COD_Mn变化

Figure 6. Changes in COD_Mn concentration in raw water and sand filtered effluent after treatment with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 7 原水和砂滤池出水经MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后的滤后TOC浓度变化

Figure 7. Change in filtered TOC concentration of raw water and sand filtered effluent after ozone treatment with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 8 原水和砂滤池出水经MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后的滤后UV₂₅₄变化

Figure 8. Change in filtered UV₂₅₄ values of raw water and sand filtered effluent after ozone treatment with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 9 MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后原水和砂滤池出水的分子量分布

Figure 9. Molecular weight distribution of raw water and sand filtered effluent after ozone treatment with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 10 原水经MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后藻细胞总数变化

Figure 10. Changes in the total number of algal cells after ozone treatment of raw water with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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图 11 原水经MNBs与普通曝气盘臭氧处理后溴化物和溴酸盐浓度变化

Figure 11. Changes in bromide and bromate concentrations after ozone treatment of raw water with micro-nano bubbles and ordinary aeration discs

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