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施氮和灌溉处理对麦田土壤有机碳组分及酶活性的影响

王颜玉 王文定 郑梦瑶 欧行奇 郑会芳

王颜玉,王文定,郑梦瑶,等.施氮和灌溉处理对麦田土壤有机碳组分及酶活性的影响[J].环境工程技术学报,2024,14(5):1419-1426 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240276
引用本文: 王颜玉,王文定,郑梦瑶,等.施氮和灌溉处理对麦田土壤有机碳组分及酶活性的影响[J].环境工程技术学报,2024,14(5):1419-1426 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240276
WANG Y Y,WANG W D,ZHENG M Y,et al.Effects of nitrogen application and irrigation treatment on soil organic carbon components and enzyme activities in wheat field[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2024,14(5):1419-1426 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240276
Citation: WANG Y Y,WANG W D,ZHENG M Y,et al.Effects of nitrogen application and irrigation treatment on soil organic carbon components and enzyme activities in wheat field[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2024,14(5):1419-1426 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240276

施氮和灌溉处理对麦田土壤有机碳组分及酶活性的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20240276
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(32402696);河南省科技攻关项目(242102110161);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010101)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王颜玉(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向小麦高产高效栽培,yanyuWang1005@163.com

    通讯作者:

    郑会芳(1989—),女,讲师,博士,主要从事小麦水资源高产高效栽培研究,hfzheng1021@163.com

  • 中图分类号: X53;S513

Effects of nitrogen application and irrigation treatment on soil organic carbon components and enzyme activities in wheat field

  • 摘要:

    探讨不同水氮管理对麦田土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、SOC组分及土壤酶活性的影响,对促进SOC库提升和助力“双碳”目标实现具有重要作用。试验设置雨养和灌溉2个灌水处理及3个施氮水平(分别为0、180和360 kg/hm2,记为N0、N180和N360),共6个处理。于小麦收获期,测定0~40 cm土层SOC、易氧有机碳(EOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)和矿质结合有机碳(MOC)含量,以及土壤脲酶(UA)、β-葡萄糖苷酶(β -BG)、蔗糖酶(IA)、过氧化氢酶(HPA)活性。结果表明:与雨养条件下相比,灌溉条件下会降低SOC含量,不利于维持SOC的稳定;N180处理下,与灌溉条件下相比,雨养条件SOC含量在0~20和20~40 cm土层中分别提高了6.3%和71.7%;并且在3个氮水平下,雨养条件下的EOC含量均高于灌溉条件。研究显示,施氮180 kg/hm2结合适宜的水分管理有利于促进SOC积累。适宜农田水氮管理不仅是实现作物单产提升的重要途径,在促进SOC库提升和助力实现“双碳”目标方面也发挥着重要作用。

     

  • 图  1  小麦生育期内降水量和平均气温

    Figure  1.  Rainfall and average temperature during wheat growth period

    图  2  不同水氮处理土壤有机碳含量

    注:不同字母表示同一灌水处理不同施氮水平间差异显著(P<0.05)。全文同。

    Figure  2.  Soil organic carbon content under different water and nitrogen treatments

    图  3  不同水氮处理土壤易氧有机碳含量

    Figure  3.  Amount of easily oxidizable organic carbon in soil under different water and nitrogen treatments

    图  4  不同水氮处理土壤颗粒有机碳含量

    Figure  4.  Soil POC content under different water and nitrogen treatments

    图  5  不同水氮处理土壤矿质结合有机碳含量

    Figure  5.  Content of mineral-associated organic carbon in soil under different water and nitrogen treatments

    图  6  不同水氮处理土壤有机碳组分和土壤酶活性间的相关性分析

    注:BG表示β -BG;*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01。

    Figure  6.  Analysis of correlation between soil organic carbon components and soil enzyme activities in variouswater and nitrogen treatments

    表  1  土壤0~20 cm土层基本理化性质

    Table  1.   Basic physicochemical properties of 0-20 cm soil

    土壤质地土壤容重/
    (g/cm3
    有机质/
    (g/kg)
    全氮/
    (g/kg)
    速效磷/
    (mg/kg)
    速效钾/
    (mg/kg)
    壤土1.3811.600.8918.50106
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同水氮处理土壤有机碳组分占总有机碳的比例

    Table  2.   Ratio of soil organic carbon components to total organic carbon under varying water and nitrogen treatments % 

    土层/cm 水分管理 施氮处理 MOC/SOC POC/SOC EOC/SOC
    0~20 I N0 78.93±3.77a 12.25±1.69b 3.81±0.57b
    N180 76.13±4.31a 17.24±2.03a 3.70±0.45b
    N360 79.55±4.32a 12.77±0.57b 8.39±0.62a
    R N0 74.90±1.37b 12.89±0.36b 18.76±0.03a
    N180 67.48±4.06c 15.81±0.46a 10.84±1.25b
    N360 88.07±0.16a 13.16±0.53b 20.21±2.55a
    20~40 I N0 85.28±15.04a 5.72±0.22b 39.10±2.20a
    N180 76.15±18.24a 11.62±1.39a 39.41±7.39a
    N360 92.10±7.24a 2.48±1.02c 26.73±1.18a
    R N0 90.95±3.97b 5.59±0.12b 37.23±4.30ab
    N180 79.71±1.32c 6.54±0.41a 28.46±0.23b
    N360 96.22±2.81a 4.88±0.23b 41.70±4.56a
      注: 不同小写字母表示同一灌水处理下不同施氮处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。全文同。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同水氮处理土壤酶活性

    Table  3.   Soil enzyme activities in different water and nitrogen treatments

    土层/cm水分管理施氮处理UA/〔mg/(g·d)〕IA/〔mg/(g·d)〕HPA〔mg/(g·h)〕β-BG /〔mg/(g·d)〕
    0~20RN02.652±0.030b14.211±0.602a1.943±0.306a0.562±0.012b
    N1802.814±0.037a9.007±0.164b1.935±0.127a0.695±0.016a
    N3602.696±0.033b2.883±0.120c1.980±0.072a0.542±0.016b
    IN01.305±0.008b20.762±0.198a1.665±0.241a1.726±0.016a
    N1801.533±0.005a12.597±0.252b1.680±0.172a1.277±0.024c
    N3601.062±0.007c9.613±0.198c1.380±0.019a1.379±0.024b
    20~40RN01.470±0.023b1.411±0.079b2.053±0.160a0.861±0.012c
    N1801.766±0.033a4.558±0.228a1.970±0.033a1.753±0.018b
    N3601.438±0.026b1.517±0.091b1.522±0.096b2.121±0.000a
    IN00.395±0.006c1.029±0.079a2.342±0.085a1.688±0.016b
    N1800.919±0.009a1.160±0.163a1.828±0.242b1.607±0.026c
    N3600.533±0.007b1.238±0.163a1.662±0.015b1.740±0.012a
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同水氮处理土壤理化性质

    Table  4.   Soil physical and chemical properties under varying water and nitrogen treatments

    土层/cm 水分管理 施氮量 NO3 /(mg/kg) NH4 +/(mg/kg)
    0~20 I N0 0.468±0.018b 12.123±0.202a
    N180 0.546±0.008a 9.565±0.069b
    N360 0.343±0.009c 9.547±0.183b
    R N0 0.443±0.003c 8.688±0.039b
    N180 0.635±0.005b 11.890±0.148a
    N360 1.191±0.018a 7.565±0.094c
    20~40 I N0 0.362±0.005a 9.683±0.247c
    N180 0.347±0.007a 12.190±0.206a
    N360 0.250±0.046b 10.523±0.072b
    R N0 0.310±0.008b 8.859±0.021b
    N180 0.347±0.067b 9.878±0.136a
    N360 1.238±0.033a 6.144±0.290c
    下载: 导出CSV
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    MA R P, AN S S, DANG Y H, et al. Soil organic carbon and enzymatic activity in aggregates of soils under different plant communities in hilly-gully regions of loess plateau[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2014,51(1):104-113. ⊕ doi: 10.11766/trxb201302050071
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-05-05
  • 录用日期:  2024-08-13
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