Abstract: Reduction of toxic organics in industrial wastewater was one of the important links to build watershed quality target management system which considered human health and hydroecology safe as the water environmental targets. By learning from foreign experience and considering the actual situation of China, a whole-process technological strategy for toxic organic pollution control, based on the optimization of production and pollution control as an integrated system, was proposed against the disadvantages of traditional end-of-pipe solution. Analysis and characterization of organic pollutants in the wastewater were the base for the whole-process control. Improving of production process and management practice was used to reduce the amount of toxic organics discharged into wastewater. Then water-quality-based treatment processes were selected for wastewater streams with different characterization. Organic recovery and enhanced-degradation techniques were used for the pretreatment of wastewater. High-efficiency biological processes were used for biodegradation of toxic organics and the advanced treatment was used for further removal of toxic organics. For large-scale industrial complex, an optimization approach involving the inner-workshop, inter-workshop and between workshops and wastewater treatment plant, was proposed for resource conservation and high-efficient elimination of toxic organics. Establishment of technical systems and discharge standards for toxic organic elimination could promote the development and application of advanced technologies greatly.